These are a solid state alternative to using ion-traps as qubits in the Q20:20 engine and involve making use of colour defects present at an atomic scale in diamonds

An ion is an electrically-charged atom - an atom where an outer electron has been stripped away, leaving the whole atom with a electric charge.

This is a device which holds individual atoms, electrically-charged and levitating stably within an electric field, where they can be controlled with lasers and used for information processing.

A photon is the elementary particle of light and electromagnetic radiation

In physics, a quantum is a discrete quantity of energy proportional in magnitude to the frequency of the radiation it represents, and refers to the smallest unit of a physical quantity - for example a photon is a "quantum of light". It also refers to the field of quantum physics, which describes the fundamental interactions of particles in nature.

This is a term used to describe the newest wave of quantum technologies that make use of the fundamental quantum nature of particles, such as superposition and quantum entanglement. These technologies use equipment such as highly stabilised laser systems, cryogenically-cooled solid state devices and ion traps to create, manipulate and then use quantum effects for applications such as information processing, computing, simulation, secure communications, sensing and imaging.

Quantum 2.0 is distinguished from early quantum technologies, such as lasers and semi-conductors, which rely on the effects of quantum mechanics, by the way they create and manipulate quantum states.

This counter-intuitive phenomenon can occur when two or more particles interact with one another, either directly or by using light as a mediator. When an action is performed on one of the entangled particles, it affects their mutual state, even when they are separated by great distances

A system composed of nodes and channels used to transfer quantum information. In the case of NQIT, our quantum network will be a hybrid light-matter network.

A state of a quantised system which is described by a set of quantum numbers. As opposed to a classical binary system, quantum numbers can exist in multiple states at once.

Technologies that make use of the fundamental quantum nature of particles, such as superposition and quantum entanglement.

A qubit, or quantum bit, is a unit of quantum information, similar to a ‘bit’ in classical computing. However, unlike a bit, which can either be 0 or 1, a qubit can be 0 and 1 at the same time - a quantum superposition of both states. When multiple qubits are combined, they can store vastly complex data.

This is a cavity-based system that can be used as an alternative to ion traps as qubits in the Q20:20 engine. They offer increased network scalability which means larger, more powerful quantum computers